Zelkova
Two spe
cies of the Zelkova, the Japanese Zelkova and Elm Zelkova originate in western Asia where the climates are cool. This outdoor Bonsai is deciduous and has leaves that look much like those grown on the American Elm or English Elm, although the Zelkova is smaller. Additionally, even though the Zelkova is related to Elms, they are not subject to the same diseases.
Many Bonsai enthusiasts swear that this is by far the best deciduous tree available. You will find that in the wintertime, green colored flowers bloom that has a subtle sweet fragrance. Then in the fall, the leaves change to beautiful shades of gold and bronze. The trunk of the Zelkova is straight, covered with smooth bark that will turn from green to gray as the tree matures.
Care
Considered an evergreen shrub, the Camellia has unusual leaves that are glossy and large. Many Bonsai growers love this particular plant and with more than 250 species from which to choose, you know you will find one that appeals to you.
The most common species used for Bonsai include the Camellia japonica, Camellia sasanqua, and Camellia reticulate. The sasanqua is the most popular in that it is compact and easy to train.
Care
Cedar Elm
Typically found in the United States, particularly from New Mexico to Tennessee, this plant makes a great choice for Bonsai. Because it is an elm, the tree can tolerate neglect, although it is not a good idea. While the Cedar Elm will do quite well in a number of zones, for the most success, you should live between zones 7 and 9.
The rough, fissured bark is one of the features making this a desired species for Bonsai. They can be found at nurseries, gardening centers, or on the internet but also found in the wild. The trunk and branches have an aged look that is perfect for Bonsai.
You can ramify the branches simply by pinching the shoots and leaves on a regular basis. If you were just getting started in growing Bonsai, the Cedar Elm would be an ideal choice. This tree does quite well in most soils but the best type is organic soil that is 50% organic and 50% Haydite. Another good choice is soil 60% akadama and 40% grit. The key
is to ensure the soil has a balanced pH level.
With Cedar Elms you need to be careful with the water in that they do not do well if too wet. Since they grow naturally in regions that are hot and arid, they will do best if kept more on the dry side. Additionally, with Elm sand other trees, they do require more water during the springtime than any other time of the year.
You can keep this Bonsai in full or partial sun but if they are exposed to too much sun, the leaves will rotate so the edges are up. If you notice this happening, then you know you need to cut back on the direct sun. Typically, a few days in the shade and the problem will be corrected. Too much sun also causes the leaves to turn yellow.
Care
The Chinese Elm is native to the eastern portion of Asia, growing in its natural habitat up to 60 feet tall. The bark of this tree is a dark gray, mottled with cream and reddish brown. Grown both indoors and outdoors, the Chinese Elm will stay as a semi-evergreen when grown inside but then deciduous when outdoors.
The leaves are a deep green that feel thick and leathery. However, on the top, they are shiny and smooth, with very small, blunt teeth. During the fall, the Chinese Elm produces fruit.
If you want a good plant to grow for Bonsai, this would be ideal, especially for beginners. Since this particular tree has a nice, predictable growth pattern, and heals well when pruned, it is easy to grow and care for.
Care
Bonsai Gardening Secrets
Two spe
cies of the Zelkova, the Japanese Zelkova and Elm Zelkova originate in western Asia where the climates are cool. This outdoor Bonsai is deciduous and has leaves that look much like those grown on the American Elm or English Elm, although the Zelkova is smaller. Additionally, even though the Zelkova is related to Elms, they are not subject to the same diseases. Many Bonsai enthusiasts swear that this is by far the best deciduous tree available. You will find that in the wintertime, green colored flowers bloom that has a subtle sweet fragrance. Then in the fall, the leaves change to beautiful shades of gold and bronze. The trunk of the Zelkova is straight, covered with smooth bark that will turn from green to gray as the tree matures.
Care
- Zelkova do require soil that is fertile and well drained
- In early spring, early Zelkova will need to be repotted while the mature Bonsai about every two years
- While this Bonsai is very hardy, the branches tend to be fragile and thin. Therefore, you need to use extreme care when wiring.
- This plant does quite well with the broom style training
- Zelkova does fairly well with frost but you should provide some type of protection
- In the summer, the Zelkova requires plenty of water and full sun
- Take care not to over water but also do not allow the plant to dry out completely
Considered an evergreen shrub, the Camellia has unusual leaves that are glossy and large. Many Bonsai growers love this particular plant and with more than 250 species from which to choose, you know you will find one that appeals to you. The most common species used for Bonsai include the Camellia japonica, Camellia sasanqua, and Camellia reticulate. The sasanqua is the most popular in that it is compact and easy to train.
Care
- Camellia are sensitive to frost and will require some type of shelter
- While they can tolerate a small amount of direct sun, this plant prefers partial shade
- Throughout the growing season, you will need to feed an ericaceous feed
- During the spring, this plant will need to be repotted about every two years
- Make sure you use a lime-free soil
- In the wintertime, you can hard prune the Camellia and then once the flowering season has ended, trim in the shape you prefer
- Ground or air layering can be done in the spring
- Then from late summer to late winter, the roots should be cut
- This particular Bonsai is susceptible to scale and aphids
- The Camellia is also susceptible to sooty mold and other virustype diseases that can damage the flowers
Cedar Elm
Typically found in the United States, particularly from New Mexico to Tennessee, this plant makes a great choice for Bonsai. Because it is an elm, the tree can tolerate neglect, although it is not a good idea. While the Cedar Elm will do quite well in a number of zones, for the most success, you should live between zones 7 and 9. The rough, fissured bark is one of the features making this a desired species for Bonsai. They can be found at nurseries, gardening centers, or on the internet but also found in the wild. The trunk and branches have an aged look that is perfect for Bonsai.
You can ramify the branches simply by pinching the shoots and leaves on a regular basis. If you were just getting started in growing Bonsai, the Cedar Elm would be an ideal choice. This tree does quite well in most soils but the best type is organic soil that is 50% organic and 50% Haydite. Another good choice is soil 60% akadama and 40% grit. The key
is to ensure the soil has a balanced pH level.
With Cedar Elms you need to be careful with the water in that they do not do well if too wet. Since they grow naturally in regions that are hot and arid, they will do best if kept more on the dry side. Additionally, with Elm sand other trees, they do require more water during the springtime than any other time of the year.
You can keep this Bonsai in full or partial sun but if they are exposed to too much sun, the leaves will rotate so the edges are up. If you notice this happening, then you know you need to cut back on the direct sun. Typically, a few days in the shade and the problem will be corrected. Too much sun also causes the leaves to turn yellow.
Care
- During the winter, the Cedar Elm will require protection from the elements, especially if temperatures dip to 20 degrees or less
- You might find in the winter that the branches and twig die and drop off
- Fertilize during the spring once leaves have grown, then in the late summer and early fall
- With the Cedar Elm, they naturally stop growing during the summer. Therefore, you will not want to fertilize at this time.
- You can use chemical fertilizers but organic is best
- To ramify, new growth should be pinched back to two leaves
- Since the Cedar Elm heals very slow in the spring and early summer, do not prune at this time
- Although wiring is easy on this tree, you do want to be careful around branches and shoots, as they swell easily
- Unfortunately, the Cedar Elm is very picky about repotting so only repot in the spring and use the highest quality soil
- Although Cedar Elm has very few problems with pests in their natural habitat, they do tend to have issues with the caterpillar, which will destroy the foliage.
The Chinese Elm is native to the eastern portion of Asia, growing in its natural habitat up to 60 feet tall. The bark of this tree is a dark gray, mottled with cream and reddish brown. Grown both indoors and outdoors, the Chinese Elm will stay as a semi-evergreen when grown inside but then deciduous when outdoors. The leaves are a deep green that feel thick and leathery. However, on the top, they are shiny and smooth, with very small, blunt teeth. During the fall, the Chinese Elm produces fruit.
If you want a good plant to grow for Bonsai, this would be ideal, especially for beginners. Since this particular tree has a nice, predictable growth pattern, and heals well when pruned, it is easy to grow and care for.
Care
- During the cold winter months, the Chinese Else needs good protection from the elements but is still very hardy
- In the early spring, you will need to prune this Elm after the growth season has ended. Just be sure you leave two nodes on closest to the main branch or trunk.
- This particular Bonsai will need to be watered on a regular basis, making sure the soil is always moist but never over watered or dry
- About every two years, you will want to repot this tree during the early spring months. The key however, is the report one month before or after you have done the pruning, which will provide the least amount of shock to the Bonsai.
- The Chinese Elm is strong and relatively resistant to the dreaded Dutch Elm disease.
- This versatile tree has a cork-like bark, giving it beautiful character for Bonsai. Just be sure the tree is given good shade during the summer months.
Bonsai Gardening Secrets
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